mass and rotating source masses of Au and Si to search for new forces over the distance
scale 40–8000 nm. The isoelectronic technique subtracts the otherwise dominant Casimir
force at the outset and, when combined with a lock-in amplification technique, leads to an
improvement by a factor of 103 on the limit on the strength α of a putative force (relative to
gravity) at separations λ∼ 300 nm.