λ∼ 1.6 µm. Our device has a large splitting angle of 120° and a miniature size of∼ 3 µm× 3
µm. Furthermore, the Y-splitter loss is measured to be 0.5–1 dB at λ= 1640–1680 nm,
making the Y splitter promising for integrated photonic-circuit applications. These unique
properties are attributed to the new guiding principle made possible by the photonic
bandgap.