From drug delivery to nanoreactors and protocells, polymersomes have gained considerable interest from researchers due to their novel applications. However, one of the main challenges is the selection of the most appropriate synthetic route. It is crucial to consider factors such as desired application, functionalisation, and environment of the polymersome when designing a synthetic route. This review will explore the current scope of polymersome synthesis and preparation methods, and will conclude by highlighting the most recent reports on polymersome related systems such as virus-like nanoparticles. From the choice of monomers, to polymerisation techniques, and to preparation methods used, we aim for this review to be utilised as a tutorial guide for the synthesis of a range of polymersomes, each with varying characteristics and applications.