associated with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts. Although early shunt closure restricts
development of pulmonary arterial hypertension, patients remain at risk even after repair.
The development of pulmonary arterial hypertension is associated with a markedly
increased morbidity and mortality. It is important to identify patients with a poor prognosis
using disease specific markers. Echocardiography and biomarkers arise as practical tools to …