… Therefore, one important goal of “Presence: MEC” is the development of a new Spatial
Presence questionnaire derived from a solid theory of Spatial Presence. …

… We start with a short summary of MEC’s model of Spatial Presence which was used as a
theoretical framework (section 2). We then explain in more detail MEC’s definitions of presence …

… presence dimensions and determinants closely correspond to those of the MEC Spatial
Presence Questionnaire, … the Pictorial Presence SAM on the basis of the MEC spatial presence …

… the associated human factors determinant on presence is significantly less”. … Spatial
Presence and report the results of an empirical study in order to illuminate Spatial Presence …

… a difference in terms of presence between different immersive … answer whether the presence
questionnaires developed before … Since this article focuses on the presence questionnaires …

… measurement of spatial presence. Our aim is review existing measures of spatial presence
and … We discuss the pros and cons of the different measures of spatial presence by using a …

… of our presence questionnaire. Indeed, the vehicle traffic in the virtual world was not a
positive predictor of the different sections of the MEC Spatial Presence Questionnaire. The dual …

… questionnaire We administered an adapted version of the MEC Spatial Presence
Questionnaire (MEC–SPQ) after each session [54]. The questionnaire uses a 5-point Likert scale …

… of presence [17, 21]. Exploring the impact of these factors in the formation of spatial presence
in … To do so, this paper proposes a new questionnaire to assess spatial presence and its …

… In the present study participants played a rally game either with a PC or with a PDA, and
presence was measured by the MECSPQ presence questionnaire. The results showed that, …