This article provides a background on research in the communication discipline that examines mobile phone behavior in the college classroom, particularly the relationship between student texting and student learning. Thus far, scholars have found that using mobile phones during class lecture (ie, texting or checking social network sites) has a negative impact on student learning and a negative impact on student note taking. In addition, this article highlights leading communication scholars who have conducted research in this area and the implications these findings have for both students and teachers.