In the modern world, the industrial revolution to meet consumer demand increases the need
for clean energy production and a sustainable environment. Photocatalysis is envisioned
among the promising strategies to fulfill the preceding global demands in an eco-friendly
way. Among photocatalysts, metal oxides (MOs) are considered promising candidates owing
to their efficiency, low cost, and environment-friendliness. In addition, sufficient availability,
ease of fabricating method, and high surface area make MOs suitable for extensive use in a …