B Administered in Different Doses and Infusion Mode in Dogs. Acta Vet. Brno 2003, 72: 229-234.

In this study, nephrotoxic effect of Amphotericin B (AmB) was investigated together with clinical, biochemical, and histopathological findings in dogs intoxicated with different doses and methods of administration. 18 healthy cross-bred dogs were allocated to three groups. Amphotericin B diluted with sterile water was used. Dogs in group A (n= 6) were treated with 0.5 mg/kg AmB in 25 ml 5% dextrose as a rapid bolus (4-5 min). Dogs in group B (n= 6) were treated with 1 mg/kg AmB in 50 ml 5% dextrose as a rapid bolus (4-5 min). Dogs in group C (n= 6) were treated with 2 mg/kg AmB in 1000 ml 5% dextrose as a slow infusion (4-5 h). Clinical, haematological and biochemical analyses were made in all dogs before the experiment as well as on the 5th and 12th days. Haematological and biochemical values recorded before the experiment were compared with those on the 5th and 12th day. After the third day of the experiment, vomiting, diarrhoea, anorexia, fever, phlebitis, irritability and tachycardia were recorded in all dogs (Groups A, B and C). However, the symptoms recognised were minimum in Group C, moderate in Group A and severe in Group B. There were differences in biochemical values among groups (p< 0.001). Group B was different from Group A and C in haematological parameters (p< 0.05). The most severe histopathologic changes were observed in Group B animals. These results suggest that the toxicity of AmB on kidney could be decreased when it is administered in a long period and more diluted form.