based hypersonic engines, but there are few studies on ODWs in a confined space. This
study simulates ODW reflection on a solid wall before an outward turning corner for a
simplified combustor–nozzle flow based on a two-step kinetic model. Numerical results
reveal three types of ODW structures: stable, critical, and unstable. When the reflection
occurs at the turning point, the stable ODW structure remains almost the same as before …