how oil and financial shocks affect productivity, and how technology moves from one country
to another when oil shocks and financial frictions are factored in. Using data on the US,
Germany, and France, we estimate a state‐space model with time‐varying parameters. Our
results show that only after the second half of the 2000s, the effect of oil shocks on TFP was
negative and statistically significant in France and the US. The sensitivity of financial frictions …