The objective of this paper is to provide relevant information on various aspects of human capital inherited by the country as it entered its post-conflict phase of development. Such information is judged important for planning the future development of the country. Using established data sets the paper shows that the country's human capital stock, defined as average years of schooling of population aged 15 years and over, is very low (2.1-2.3 years per person in 2000), below the threshold of 4 years beyond which increasing returns to scale for human capital begin to accrue. It is also shown that the average rate of return to human capital is rather low (about 6 percent per year of schooling), contrary to established perceptions on such rates for developing countries. Rates of return to education are higher for higher levels of education, also contrary to established perceptions. Such patterns have implications for the inequality in the distribution of human capital over time. Moreover, it is shown that the country inherited a high degree of inequality in the distribution of education as measured by the education Gini coefficient which for 2000 was 0.725. These and other results suggest the importance of designing a relevant educational reform program for postconflict Sudan.