using time-resolved particle-image velocimetry at a sub-critical Reynolds number of 2700.
Wavelengths and wave amplitudes of 2–4 and 0.1–0.3 mean diameters respectively were
investigated. Results show that vortices are generally shed from the wavy cylinder and
channel walls regularly, reminiscent of the unsteady symmetric flow configuration in
confined non-wavy cylinders. Furthermore, vortex formation lengths for confined wavy …