normal plane of a zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer over smooth and rough
walls at Re θ≈ 13000. The roughness considered herein is replicated from a surface scan
of a turbine blade damaged by deposition of foreign materials and its topography is highly
irregular and contains a broad range of topographical scales. Two physical scalings of the
same roughness topography are considered, yielding two different rough surfaces: RF1 with …