Nigeria possesses all attributes, and features of all kind as a region, such as leadership, population, natural resources, financial means, and military capabilities. Consequently, the nation has been instrumental in both regional conflict management and shaping the whole of West African security structures/architecture at large. At the same time, Nigeria continues to face by manifold internal challenges, which threaten to undermine her hegemonic prerogative strength in the sub-region. All these have resulted in the ‘destruction of lives and properties, the internal displacement of people, a region-wide refugee crisis, poverty and diseases, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons, human and drug trafficking, illegal exploitation of natural resources and banditry. Thus, linked directly to the proliferation and intensity of conflict situations and war which in turn have hampered development efforts, threats to peace of neighbouring countries, and if not carefully managed and resolved could lead to massive exodus of refugees, weapons proliferation and trans-border crimes and general insecurity that could threaten other stable polities and compromise national economies. The methodology used in this study was a desk based library method where the knowledge gained from various literatures as well as conceptual, theoretical, and empirical studies reviewed formed the basis for conclusion and recommendations. The paper, offers a very timely overview on the trends and dynamics of conflict, fragility in Africa, as well as an analysis of some of the major drivers of fragility and conflict in the sub-region.