mathematics; 2) The effect of learning motivation on the independene learning of
mathematics; 3) The effect of self-efficacy and learning motivation as an aggregate on the
independene learning of mathematics. This type of research is a quantitative with an
approach ex-post facto. The population in this research is eight grade students of SMP
Negeri 1 Musuk. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling is class VIII G SMP …