These situations become worsen at the time of partial shading (PS). Due to PS, there is a
mismatch in electrical characteristics of the PV module in an array, which results in a
significant reduction in PV output power. The output power reduction depends upon the
amount of mismatch, which depends on factors such as array size, type of configuration and
shading patterns. To reduce the partial shading effect and to improve the PV output power …