limit as the Ginzburg–Landau parameter κ= 1∕ ϵ→∞. The inhomogeneity is represented
by a potential term V (ψ)= 1 4 (a (x)−∣ ψ∣ 2) 2, with a given smooth function a (x) which is
assumed to become negative in finitely many smooth subdomains, the “normally included”
regions. For bounded applied fields (independent of the Ginzburg–Landau parameter κ=
1∕ ϵ→∞) we show that the normal regions act as “giant vortices,” acquiring large vorticity …