Phosphorus (P) is a scarce, nonrenewable resource; its acquisition by plants decreases
when soil moisture declines, as anticipated under future climate-change scenarios. It is,
therefore, important to understand plant responses and adaptations to dual moisture and P
limitations, in order to maintain crop productivity and predict plant performance in natural
ecosystems. We review current knowledge of the effect of simultaneous water and P
shortage on plant function, and identify key knowledge gaps. Plants have developed a …