cytokines) and the early stage of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), as shown by markers of
podocyte damage and proximal tubular (PT) dysfunction. Methods In this study were
enrolled 117 type 2 DM patients (36-normoalbuminuria, 42-microalbuminuria, 39-
macroalbuminuria), and 11 healthy subjects. Serum and urinary IL-1 alpha, IL-8, IL-18,
urinary albumin: creatinine ratio (UACR), eGFR, biomarkers of podocyte damage …