concept of the 'harsh'intertemporal consumption trade-off: Current consumption inevitably
reduces future consumption possibilities in a with-or-without sense. This is true for the early
'low-level-equilibrium-trap theories'(Nelson, 1956 and Leibenstein, 1957), the neoclassical
growth theory (Solow, 1956; Swan, 1956; Ramsey, 1928; Cass, 1965; and Koopmans, 1965)
as well as the for endogenous growth theories (eg Lucas, 1988; Romer, 1990; and Rebelo …