Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattices are receiving substantial attention in
numerous engineering fields due to their impressive topology-driven physical
characteristics. TPMS lattices are periodic structures of two distinct intertwined volume
domains separated by an area-minimizing surface or wall. TPMS lattices have been
observed in nature, such as biological membranes, skeletons, block copolymers, sea
urchins, butterfly wings, and equipotential surfaces in crystals. Intriguingly, the topology of …