Background: Following fingolimod cessation, immune reconstitution or lack thereof may
have consequences for disease rebound or safety of commencing alternative therapies.
Objective: To examine the degree and profile of peripheral blood lymphocyte reconstitution
following fingolimod withdrawal. Methods: Total lymphocyte counts (TLC) and CD4+/CD8+ T-
cell counts were measured in 18 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients pre-treatment, on
fingolimod, and up to 8–9 months post-cessation. T-cell subsets were analyzed using flow …

C Warnke, J Graf et al. journals. sagepub. com/home/ms j 1177 progressive multifocal
leukoencephalopathy (PML) have been validated for therapy with natalizumab only in larger
cohorts (anti-JC virus antibodies), or have been based on single case observations, such as
the assumed higher risk of PML in patients with low TLCs during exposure to fumarates. 8
Interestingly, to the best of our knowledge, none of the studies published to date were able
to directly relate TLCs, cellular surface expression, or alternative blood markers to efficacy or …