The introduction of transgenic and knockout mice has shaped new interest in developing
novel and modified behavioral methods for mice that evaluate the various manifestations of
nicotine withdrawal syndromes. This study assessed the disruption of operant baselines
during drug withdrawal, an established rat model of nicotine dependence, in mice. Subjects
were trained to lever press for food reinforcement during daily operant sessions. After stable
operant baselines were established, mice were implanted with osmotic minipumps …