systems after 10,000 insertion-separation cycles and the difference in retention force
between precious and non-precious materials of the same attachment system. Four types of
attachments (Ball, Rod, M3 stud, and AP-Piccolino), produced using both precious and non-
precious metal alloys, were tested (n= 6). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance
(ANOVA), Tukey's multiple comparison test, and t-test at a significance level of p≤ 0.05 …