When a saccade is expected to result in a reward, both neural activity in oculomotor areas
and the saccade itself (eg, its vigor and latency) are altered (compared with when no reward
is expected). As such, it is unclear whether the correlations of neural activity with reward
indicate a representation of reward beyond a movement representation; the modulated
neural activity may simply represent the differences in motor output due to expected reward.
Here, to distinguish between these possibilities, we trained monkeys to perform a natural …

When a saccade is expected to result in a reward, both neural activity in oculomotor 25
areas and the saccade itself (eg its vigor and latency) are altered (compared to 26 when no
reward is expected). As such, it is unclear whether the correlations of 27 neural activity with
reward indicate a representation of reward beyond a movement 28 representation; the
modulated neural activity may simply represent the differences 29 in motor output due to
expected reward. Here, to distinguish between these 30 possibilities, we trained monkeys to …