crucial to understanding disease pathogenesis and the usefulness of bridge therapies, such
as hyperimmune globulin and convalescent human plasma, and to developing vaccines,
antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies. A mere 11 months ago, the canvas we call COVID-19
was blank. Scientists around the world have worked collaboratively to fill in this blank
canvas. In this Review, we discuss what is currently known about human humoral and …