breakwater during the 1999 Kocaeli (İzmit), Turkey earthquake. The paper discusses:(a)
observed ground deformations and displacements after the earthquake;(b) the results of
field investigations by means of borings including standard penetration tests;(c) analyses of
observed deformation mechanisms by a suite of methods; and (d) the possible contribution
of soil liquefaction rupture on the observed deformations.