(plaque index [PI] and probing depth [PD]) and radiographic (crestal bone loss [CBL]) are
higher in (cigarette‐smokers [CS]) and (waterpipe‐users) than (nonsmokers [NS]). The aim
was to relate peri‐implant self‐perceived OS with clinico‐radiographic parameters among
CS, waterpipe‐users, and NS. Materials and Methods This study was performed on self‐
reported CS, waterpipe‐users, and NS with peri‐implantitis. A questionnaire was used to …