uncertain. Hypothesis/study design The authors used a crosssectional study design to test
Jobe's hypothesis that repetitive forceful swimming leads to shoulder laxity, which in turn
leads to impingement pain. Methods Eighty young elite swimmers (13–25 years of age)
completed questionnaires on their swimming training, pain and shoulder function. They
were given a standardised clinical shoulder examination, and tested for glenohumeral joint …