solving the fractional Bagley-Torvik equation (BTE), along with the block pulse functions. To
convert the specified initial and boundary value problems into algebraic equations, the
Riemann–Liouville (RL) fractional integral operator is defined, and the operational matrices
of fractional integrals (OMFI) are built. This numerical scheme's performance is evaluated
and examined on particular problems to show its proficiency and effectiveness, and other …