… variables describing the contemporary climate: mean … species richness of the plant-hummingbird
network (SIZE) and the length of the study period (DAYS) as observed specialization …

… species richness, contemporary precipitation, and Quaternary climate-change velocity were
key predictors of biotic specialization. … in structuring the studied plant-hummingbird network. …

… increases with species richness, topographic heterogeneity, … on specialization within
plant–hummingbird networks. One direction involves exploring the extent to which other species …

… However, these networks show high variability in the interacting species and their … of
plant-hummingbird networks by linking network morphological constraints, specialization, …

… to the network size, ie, species richness of the hummingbird–plant network sampled in each
… habitats, the remaining network metrics (ie, modularity and specialization) showed a similar …

… ‘Ecological’ refers to the species richness of pollinators. Clearly for both of these categories
there is a continuum between specialization and generalization: for the purposes of this …

… with species’ network roles. Our results show that all studied hummingbird and plant species
in the meta-network were … The meta-network was structured into modules, resulting from …

… , nestedness, and network specialization did vary within and … of interactions in a plant–hummingbird
network at three distinct … species abundance and nectar sugar content influenced the …

… Cities, large and small, are part of our modern world and … generalization of the plant-hummingbird
network in the urban … change the matrix size (ie species richness), but the number of …

… From these distributions, we extracted four contemporary … specialization by two indices:
complementary specialization 35 … has also been associated with high avian species richness 59,…