This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the structural behaviour of T-joints between high strength S690 cold-formed circular hollow sections (CFCHS) under brace in-plane bending, and deformation characteristics of these T-joints under both monotonic and cyclic actions are examined experimentally and simulated numerically. These T-joints between S690 CFCHS were found to deform with a high level of resistances and ductility under both monotonic and cyclic actions.

Through an integrated numerical modelling approach developed by the authors, advanced three-dimensional finite element models of CFCHS with solid elements were established. With a proper definition of weld collars at the brace/chord junctions of the T-joints between S690 CFCHS with different diameters and thicknesses, these models were readily adopted to perform a heat transfer analysis, a thermomechanical analysis and a structural analysis sequentially with compatible element types and meshes. Hence, the effects of the welding-induced residual stresses at the welded brace/chord junctions onto the structural behaviour of these T-joints were readily assessed. Consequently, these advanced models are demonstrated to be able to predict rationally deformation characteristics of these T-joints between S690 CFCHS under monotonic and cyclic actions of brace in-plane bending with a high degree of structural accuracy.