Hikmet Ali Kıvılcımlı is a Turkish communist/socialist politician, writer, and theoretician. Kıvılcımlı compares himself with Jules Michelet (Özcan, 2018: 190). Thus, we can get idea about Kıvılcımlı by analyzing Jules Michelet who is a famous French historian. Michelet included the lives of ordinary people in his writings about history. Hence, he is considered as one of the pioneers of the Annales School. The same can be said for Kıvılcımlı. Kıvılcımlı is someone who does history analysis in his own way within the Turkish socialist movement. His own way is different from leftist movements in Turkey. This difference stems from the fact that his method of analysis does not exclude his own nation and religion. Kıvılcımlı has always searched for the meaning of the time and place in which he lived by digging into the past. For Kıvılcımlı, a word to be said about today will be worthwhile if that word is powered by history. For this reason, he built his understanding of the Turkish Nation and Islam starting from the depths of history. For Kıvılcımlı, history is not studied only as a result of curiosity to the past; history is the root of reality (Özcan, 2018: 190). Therefore, grasping a reality of today is possible through history. According to Kıvılcımlı, history is a human action. Mankind was born into a history and acts there under the influence of the environment. Thus, human beings carry the effect of their environment and the order established prior to them. According to Kıvılcımlı, the main determinant of this previously established order is the productive forces. These productive forces, which are determinant in the realization of the laws of history, are of four types: Technique, Geography, Man and History. Kıvılcımlı provides the details of these productive forces as follows (Kıvılcımlı, 1996: 33):