Waste materials from natural sources are important resources for extraction and recovery of
valuable compounds. Transformation of these waste materials into valuable materials
requires specific techniques and approaches. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a biomaterial that can
be extracted from natural wastes. HAp has been widely used in biomedical applications
owing to its excellent bioactivity, high biocompatibility, and excellent osteoconduction
characteristics. Thus, HAp is gaining prominence for applications as orthopaedic implants …