This paper proposes a novel hypothetical model integrating formerly discrete theories of
stress appraisal, neurobiological allostasis, automatic cognitive processing, and addictive
behavior to elucidate how alcohol misuse and dependence are maintained and re-activated
by stress. We outline a risk chain in which psychosocial stress initiates physiological
arousal, perseverative cognition, and negative affect that, in turn, triggers automatized
schema to compel alcohol consumption. This implicit cognitive process then leads to …