Dredging is the act of digging out and removing material from underwater by means of a machine equipped with a continuous revolving chain of buckets, a scoop, or a suction device. Dredging and the disposal of dredged materials have the potential to cause physical and biological damage, particularly when removed sediments are contaminated with toxic substances. This study has been conducted to assess the environmental effects of dredging and dredged material disposal and to discuss improved dredging techniques friendlier to the environment using dredging data during the construction and the maintenance works at Elsukhna Port Egypt from 1999 till 2006. Environmental concerns related to dredging specifically center on elevated concentrations of selected trace elements such as cadmium, mercury, and lead as well as phosphate, nitrate, ammonia, oil, and pathogenic micro-organisms. Both mechanical and hydraulic dredging techniques are used, which introduce significant quantities of sediment into the water column immediately adjacent to the operating dredge. For mechanical operations in areas of moderately fine-grained cohesive sediments, concentrations of suspended materials adjacent to the dredge have been observed to exceed background levels by more than two orders of magnitude. Similar variations have been observed adjacent to an operating cutter head dredge with concentrations varying as a function of the size and relative production of the dredge, while hopper dredge overflows appear to have the potential of producing the maximum perturbation of suspended material. Dredging also affects channel depth which alters local circulation and sediment transport. Changes in mixing and gravity circulation can affect the distribution of dissolved oxygen and other water-quality parameters, and the relationships between changes in channel geometry and changes in circulation and channel shoaling have been detailed in a variety of studies. The studies indicate that while modifications in channel configuration have the potential to alter local circulation characteristics, the physical effects can be predicted with reasonable accuracy using appropriate hydraulic and numerical models. With the increasing incidents of sediment contamination by toxic compounds, a variety of advanced dredging systems has been developed. Such systems have the potential to effect significant reductions in the turbidity associated with dredging while providing increased removal efficiency relative to the more conventional systems. From this study, it was concluded that from an environmental standpoint, the primary difficulties associated with procedural and institutional matters are the lack of responsiveness to the information about environmental effects regarding dredging and the lack of assessment of the implications for present criteria. In the case of dredging and dredged material disposal, it appears that far more is known about environmental effects and probable causes than is incorporated in regulatory criteria and environmental practices.