… Revealing the true nature of the gas giant planets in our Solar System is challenging. The
masses of Jupiter and Saturn are about 318 and 95 Earth masses, respectively. While they …

… The transition to a gas giant planet above Saturn’s mass … a planet transitions to a gas giant
planet strongly depends on the exact formation history and birth environment of the planet, …

… properties of giant planets, models of their evolution and observations of protoplanetary
disks provide constraints on the formation of gas giant planets. The four largest planets in our …

… Second, observers can measure the abundance of extrasolar gas giant planets – if they are
… the chance to form gas giant planets, whereas if extrasolar gas giant planets are abundant, …

… cores of the giant planets probably originally had similar masses. Two gas giants grow in our
… By varying parameters in the models, our systems produced between 0 and 4 gas giants. …

… moment of inertia estimates for all the giant planets, whereas the values for … of the giant
planet atmospheres, is supercritical at the temperatures of interest (ie there is no gas-liquid or …

… for these planets to be remnant cores of giant planets that evaporated their gaseous envelope
… In such a process, the important time scales are the evaporation rate of the planet and the …

… Sun’s, we find that a gas giant at 0.05 AU with a mass of 1 MJ would lose 1034 Hs s 1, or
10 16 MJ yr 1. Only 10.5% of the mass of a 1.0 MJ gas giant at the position of 51 Peg B would …

… 64, 544) show that this formation mechanism may explain the similarity of giant planet core
… properties of the giant planets and simultaneously satisfying the terrestrial planet constraints. …

… huge amounts of gas, becoming gas giants such as Jupiter, or do not, becoming rocky planets
… , the snow line marks the boundary between the inner rocky planets and outer gas giants. …