Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroids with profound anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory
activities. Synthetic GCs are widely used for managing chronic inflammatory and
autoimmune conditions, as immunosuppressants in transplantation, and as anti-tumor
agents in certain hematological cancers. However, prolonged GC exposure can cause
adverse effects. A detailed understanding of GCs' mechanisms of action may enable
harnessing of their desirable actions while minimizing harmful effects. Here, we review the …