A lack of immunologic tolerance of the mother toward her child and in placentation can result
in early or late pregnancy complications, including implantation failure, miscarriage,
preeclampsia, and fetal growth restriction. Seminal plasma has the potential of influencing
the maternal immune system for acceptance of the semi-allogeneic fetus. Here we elaborate
on studies which provide evidence that an optimal balance of pro-inflammatory and
immunomodulatory factors is necessary for the induction of immunologic tolerance and the …