Flood occurrence is increasing due to escalated urbanization and extreme climate change;
hence, various studies on this issue and methods of flood monitoring and mapping are also
increasing to reduce the severe impacts of flood disasters. The advancement of current
technologies such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems facilitated and improved
flood applications. In a LiDAR system, a laser emits light that travels to the ground and
reflects off objects like buildings and trees. The reflected light energy returns to the sensor …