OBJECTIVE: The multiple risk factors for major depression are interrelated through poorly
understood developmental pathways. In 2002, the authors presented a developmental
model for major depression in women. Based on similar methods, they here present an
analogous model for men. METHOD: Using data from 2,935 adult male twins, interviewed
twice over a 2–4-year period, the authors constructed, by means of structural equation
modeling, an integrated etiologic model for major depression that predicts depressive …

OBJECTIVE: Major depression is a multifactorial disorder with many etiologic variables that
are interrelated through developmental pathways. The authors used structural equation
modeling to generate a developmental model for the etiology of major depression in women.
METHOD: Data from 1,942 adult female twins, interviewed up to four times over a 9-year
period, were used to construct a developmental model to predict depressive episodes in the
year before the most recent interview. Eighteen risk factors in five developmental tiers were …