The rural population in India is largely engaged in vegetable cultivation apart from traditional agricultural practices. Vegetable cultivation has gained impetus since last decades due to increasing health awareness, population growth, urbanization and better marketing facilities. Earlier, small land holders used to grow vegetables but now with increasing demand and higher remunerations large land holders have also shifted towards vegetable cultivation. Potato is widely used due to its low cost, easy handling and transportation and its higher shelf life as compare to other vegetables. The present paper analyzes the dynamics of potato cultivation in Aligarh district, which is one the leading producing area of India. This paper tends to find out temporal change in the area under potato cultivation and substantial increase in the total production. There are promising benefits to the potato farmers and good prospects in future due increasing cold storage and agro-processing facilities. The present study also discusses the role various institutional, socio-economic, marketing and policy oriented factors constraining potato cultivation in the study area.