virulence functions including motility, attachment, transformation, immune escape, and
colony formation. However, challenges in crystallizing full-length fiber-forming and
membrane protein pilins leave unanswered questions regarding pilin structures, assembly,
functions, and vaccine potential. Here we report pilin structures of full-length DnFimA from
the sheep pathogen Dichelobacter nodosus and FtPilE from the human pathogen …