increase in demand is related to the intensification of aquaculture which causes various
diseases, especially Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN). VNN infection in juveniles has been
through water media. The VNN infection in milkfish may occur vertically. This study aims to
determine the vertical infection and prevalence of VNN in milkfish. The VNN examination
was carried out using the reverse transcription real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT …