desired. While the existing active and passive actuators cannot fully satisfy these
requirements alone, their cooperation could provide better results. This study aimed at the
development of a hybrid actuator by combining a DC servomotor and a magnetorheological
(MR) brake. Serpentine flux path architecture was used to design a compact MR-brake. By
embedding a Hall-effect sensor in the brake, the hysteresis challenges and residual off-state …