As the world’s most powerful political-military organization, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) might seem like an unlikely candidate when it comes to championing gender-based reforms. Yet, the Alliance has been quite active in promoting the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda over the last decade, adapting the objectives of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 and follow-on resolutions (1820, 1888, 1889, 1960, 2106, 2122, and 2422) to the performance of its core tasks: collective defense, crisis management, and cooperative security. Taken together, the appropriation of these resolutions by governments and international organizations has been dubbed the WPS agenda. To demonstrate its commitment to the WPS agenda, NATO has integrated the Resolution 1325 vocabulary into successive Summit declarations, the Secretary-General’s annual reports, and key official documents. During the 2016 NATO Summit in Warsaw, the Communiqué stated that:“Our ongoing efforts and commitment to integrate gender perspectives into Alliance activities throughout NATO’s three core tasks will contribute to a more modern, ready, and responsive Alliance”(Warsaw Communiqué 2016). During the 2018 NATO Summit in Brussels, a new WPS policy and action plan were adopted. In addition, NATO created a permanent position to advise the Secretary General, the North Atlantic Council (NAC) and the International Staff, on how to best integrate the gender-based concepts at the heart of Resolution 1325. NATO’s commitment to the WPS agenda, thus, appears quite far-reaching. Like most international security organizations that have taken on the task of implementing Resolution 1325, one of the main challenges involves incorporating the varying interpretations of what gender means into NATO policy, operational planning, and missions. After all, gender roles vary across cultural contexts and NATO is an organization counting twentynine member states and an additional twenty-one partners under the auspices of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Still, the Alliance, with the help of both internal and external gender experts, has developed an important number of gender guidelines to harmonize gender awareness across the organization. Recent research which analyses NATO’s publicly available guidelines demonstrates that there is nevertheless a significant divide between how civilians and the military have approached the WPS agenda, perhaps mirroring existing intra-Alliance professional divides (Hardt and von Hlatky 2017).