… machine learning techniques, the former currently being considered the standard artificial
intelligence … To begin with, we review machine learning from an endoscopist’s viewpoint. A …

… When applied to lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, AI plays as … current status of AI in
lower GI endoscopy and underline future … the major fields of interest of AI in lower GI endoscopy. …

… To overcome this hurdle several endoscopic enhancement techniques have been developed
… in both upper and lower GI endoscopy and how AI can improve quality of daily endoscopy. …

… gastric cancer appears on the greater curvature of the lower gastric body.(b) The yellow
rectangular frame was marked by artificial intelligence as a possible lesion to indicate the extent …

… used with success for endoscopic detection of early malignant … , the current status of AI in
endoscopy is summarized. Future … other fields of endoscopic imaging, capsule endoscopy is the …

… Artificial intelligence that adopts machine learning methods is classified into roughly two
categories: hand-crafted algorithm (conventional) and DL algorithm (recently developed). In the …

… endoscopy such as the Japan Endoscopy Database has attracted significant attention and
has the potential to automatically collect large amounts of data on endoscopic … GI endoscopy. …

… In the near future, autonomous endoscopic diagnosis might no longer be just a … endoscope
and sweepingly interpreting endoscopic images. Most of the AI systems used for endoscopy …

… Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was developed in the 1970s and EUS in the 1980s,
further showing the potential of endoscopy to … seen the growth of artificial intelligence (AI) in …

… gastrointestinal endoscopy. The gastrointestinal endoscopy field involves endoscopic diagnoses
… analysis with the help of various gastrointestinal endoscopic device systems. AI-based …