… When starting this project, we were not differentiating between the various levels of automation,
and the empirical material presented below reflects this (eg Table 1, Table 2). However, …

… ”, is where the vehicle will independently perform various … of SAE levels 4 and 5 as lower
levels of automation (ie levels 1 … Concerning level 3 vehicles, there is a great possibility that the …

… Three categories of vehicles are considered in this paper to represent different stages of …
vehicles, connected but non-automated vehicles (connected vehicles), and automated vehicles. …

… realisation of higher-level objectives such as improvements … study proposes MAVA, a multi-level
model to predict AVA. It … exposure of the individual to automated vehicles (AVs) in Stage …

… result in a long mixture period of vehicles of various automation levels. From the perspective
of travel demand, almost 85% of urban autonomous carsharing trips can be covered using …

… Also, further ongoing developments in understanding and gathering evidence on human
behaviour in and with various types and levels of AVs from Field Operational Tests (FOT) and …

… be effective only at high levels of demand and when the … various algorithms have been
suggested for managing merging maneuvers with different levels of automation at the vehicle level…

… % and 14.5% more for level 4 and level 5 automated vehicles, respectively. Although the
study … ; however, the focus of the research should be shifted to various stakeholders, such as …

… The valuable test scenarios with various levels are screened out by analyzing the new … In
this paper, the function features of the Level 2 automated vehicles are considered to study the …

… We found that low-level automated vehicles in mixed … automated vehicles. A timeline is
given in Figure 1 showing an estimation of the deployment of various levels of vehicle automation …