Localization requirements for autonomous vehicles

TGR Reid, SE Houts, R Cammarata, G Mills… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2019 - arxiv.org
… for autonomous vehicles based on first principles. We begin with the safety integrity level, …
Figure 2 shows the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) levels of vehicle autonomy [14]. …

Machine autonomy: Definition, approaches, challenges and research gaps

CP Ezenkwu, A Starkey - Intelligent Computing: Proceedings of the 2019 …, 2019 - Springer
… of autonomy as presented in this paper are categorised into low-level and high-level … achieve
their high degree of autonomy is paramount in the subject of autonomous systems. Roe et …

A standard driven software architecture for fully autonomous vehicles

AC Serban, E Poll, J Visser - 2018 IEEE International …, 2018 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Autonomous driving is no longer a lab experiment. As manufacturers compete to raise the
level of vehicle automation, cars … must be automated in order to reach full autonomy (level 5): …

[PDF][PDF] A Level 4 Autonomy Self Driving Car Protocol for the UAE

MI Patil, MJ Gulamali, MN Singhal, S Ravichandran… - irjaet.com
… in Self Driving Cars Autonomy 3. We have deemed our final design as an Autonomy Level
4 … The three proposals in this paper can improve the functioning of the autonomous cars for …

Stabilizing traffic with autonomous vehicles

C Wu, AM Bayen, A Mehta - 2018 IEEE international …, 2018 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
… A related study characterizes a variety of systems across autonomy type, … input disturbance
by a given autonomous car controller TR(·) … We derive system-level string stability, safety, and …

Autonomous vehicle perception: The technology of today and tomorrow

J Van Brummelen, M O'brien, D Gruyer… - … research part C …, 2018 - Elsevier
Level 1 to Level 2 autonomy, which require constant driver attention and control. The
autonomous … Nonetheless, Level 3 autonomous features are available in the Tesla Model S and …

Autonomous vehicle safety: An interdisciplinary challenge

P Koopman, M Wagner - IEEE Intelligent Transportation …, 2017 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
… fully autonomous cars as safe per operating hour as aircraft. This would require a safety level
… monitored behavioral requirements on the autonomous vehicle’s autonomy. (Kane 2015) …

[HTML][HTML] Rethinking autonomous surgery: focusing on enhancement over autonomy

E Battaglia, J Boehm, Y Zheng, AR Jamieson… - European urology …, 2021 - Elsevier
… no papers on the effects of autonomy levels or guidance cues on patient outcomes. These
studies will be critical for future clinical adoption of semi- or fully autonomous surgical robots. …

Challenges in autonomous vehicle testing and validation

P Koopman, M Wagner - SAE International Journal of Transportation Safety, 2016 - JSTOR
… experience means that autonomous vehicle technology is … attempting to qualify fully
autonomous, NHTSA Level 4 [2] … that provide high-level autonomy themselves, it seems within …

The relationship between technology, business model, and market in autonomous car and intelligent robot industries

JHJ Yun, DK Won, ES Jeong, KB Park, JH Yang… - … Forecasting and Social …, 2016 - Elsevier
… operation and testing, has not been able to establish Korean autonomous car industry …
autonomous car operation in the US, which includes the abolition of regulations at the state level