… Against the background of the bottlenecks of present IP network technologies, discussed
in Section 2, and the requirements for future optical networks, discussed in Section 3, we …

… Deploying a passive optical network (PON) between service providers and customer … provide
the required bandwidth to customers for many years to come. PONs are a network in which …

… Optical networks offer an extremely large bandwidth and hence are transparent to signal
format and … Estimating the bandwidth requirement per termination at 100 kb/s, this gives a total …

… bandwidth, and the true networking is done at higher layers—synchronous optical network
(… (alternate) route for each demand so that the total required network capacity is minimized. …

… survivability on the physical network. To sim… optical network and the physical network. We
develop an integer linear program (ILP) model, the LBSD (the largest bandwidth requirement (…

… DWDM network to flexible grid elastic optical network (EON), which has the flexible bandwidth
… dynamically changes according to the bandwidth requirement of the transmitted signal. It …

… Carriers are demanding WDM optical networking … reconfigurable optical networks that
support optical bypass. … ones to meet fluctuating bandwidth requirements in near real-time. …

… the optimization of provisioned OEOs in a survivable all-optical mesh network. … the network
physical topology and a set of network connections representing the virtual topology required, …

… (telco) and scientific users, to understand their requirements and evolution paths. The key
(… Dynamic optical networking can satisfy the bandwidth and reconfiguration requirements of …

… of transponders required to design a bandwidth flexible OFDM network using fixed 50
GHz spaced grid to that of a traditional 50 GHz fixedgrid and rigid bandwidth WDM network is …